221 Endocrine System

Textbook chapters (only one of the following books is necessary, the information covered in the concept questions is
found in each of the books).

•        Chapter 17: Anatomy and Physiology by OpenStax College
•        Chapter 16: Visual Anatomy and Physiology by Martini and Ober
•        Chapter 13: Hole’s Anatomy and Physiology by Shier, Butler, and Lewis

1.        Compare and contrast the transmission, molecules, and distribution of effects for direct cellular, paracrine,
endocrine, and synaptic communication.

        Concept Storyline: Communication

2.        Compare and contrast the chemical structure of hormone amino acids, peptides, and lipids.

        Concept Storyline: Hormone Structure

3.        Compare and contrast the cellular mechanisms of action of hormones that activate second messengers, steroid
hormones, and thyroid hormones.

         Concept Storyline: Hormone Actions

4.        Describe the location and functions of the hypothalamus in relation to the endocrine system, including its
relationship with the pituitary gland.

          Concept Storyline: Hypothalamus

5.        Describe the structure, hormones, and regulation of the pituitary gland.

           Concept Storyline: Pituitary Gland

6.        Compare and contrast the outcomes of negative and positive feedback as they relate to homeostatic regulation.

      Video: Negative Feedback

      Concept Storyline: Feedback

7.        Describe the characteristics, actions, and regulation of hormones of the thyroid gland.

            Concept Storyline: Thyroid Gland

8.       Describe the hormonal regulation of bone growth rate and blood calcium levels.

            Concept Storyline: Blood Calcium and Bone

9.        Compare and contrast the structure, hormone production, and regulation of the adrenal medulla and each of the
three layers of the adrenal cortex.

            Concept Storyline: Adrenal Gland

10.        Compare and contrast the endocrine versus exocrine functions of the pancreas, including the secretions of each
segment.

             Concept Storyline: Pancreas

11.        Describe how hormones of the pancreas work with other body systems to regulate blood sugar.

             Concept Storyline: Blood Sugar

12.        Describe the location, hormone production, and regulation of the pineal gland.

             Concept Storyline: Pineal Gland

13.        Compare and contrast the causes and symptoms of Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus.

              Concept Storyline: Diabetes Mellitus

14.        Describe the role of natriuretic peptides, erythropoietin, and the renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of
blood volume and blood pressure.

              Concept Storyline: Hormones and Blood Pressure

15.        Describe the integrative effects of hormones used to regulate growth.

            This question is covered in activities # 5 (Pituitary Gland) and #8 (Blood Calcium and Bone).

16.        Identify, in both words and pictures, each of the endocrine structures listed.

          Endocrine Labeling Activities

Michelle Murphy, M.S., M.Ed.
Lake Region State College