Textbook chapters (only one of the following books is necessary, the information covered in the concept questions is
found in each of the books).

•        Chapter 28:  Anatomy and Physiology  by OpenStax College
•        Chapter 26 and Section 17.21:  Visual Anatomy and Physiology by Martini and Ober
•        Chapters 23 and 24:  Hole’s Anatomy and Physiology by Shier, Butler, and Lewis

1.        Describe the process and outcomes of cleavage from the time of fertilization through embryo development.

             Concept Storyline:  Zygote Cleavage

2.        Compare and contrast the development events occurring in each of the three trimesters of gestation.

           Gestation Events Timeline

3.        Describe the release and function of each of the following hormones during pregnancy: hCG, relaxin,
progesterone, estrogen, prolactin, and oxytocin.

             Concept Storyline:  Pregnancy Hormones

4.        Describe the characteristics of fetal blood circulation and the changes that are required to transition to
independent circulation after birth.

              Concept Storyline:  Fetal Circulation

5.        Describe the labor process, including the role of positive feedback.

              Concept Storyline:  Labor

6.        Compare and contrast the characteristics of genotype versus phenotype as each relates to dominant, recessive,
homozygous, heterozygous, X-linked, codominant, and polygenic traits.

            Concept Storyline:  Genotype and Phenotype

7.        Know how to construct and read Punnett squares for both autosomal and sex chromosomes.

            Concept Storyline:  Punnett Squares
Michelle Murphy, M.S., M.Ed.
Lake Region State College